How can I verify ownership before buying land?

Before buying land in Thiruvananthapuram, you should carefully verify the seller's title and the property's ownership history through official records. A thorough document check helps you avoid disputes, encumbrances, or fraudulent sales. In Kerala, land records are maintained by the Revenue Department and the Sub-Registrar's office, making verification relatively straightforward.

Key points

• Title deed (Sale Deed): Ask the seller for the original registered sale deed and trace ownership for at least 30 years through a chain of title documents.
• Encumbrance Certificate (EC): Obtain an EC from the Sub-Registrar's office to confirm there are no outstanding loans, mortgages, or legal claims on the property.
• Pahani / Thandaper Extract: Verify the current registered owner's name in the Revenue Department's land records (known as Thandaper in Kerala).
• Survey and sketch: Cross-check the property's boundaries and measurements using the survey field book and sketch from the Survey and Land Records Department.
• Tax receipts: Check up-to-date property tax payment receipts from the local body (Panchayat or Corporation) to confirm possession and payment history.

Relevant law

The Registration Act, 1908 (Section 17) mandates compulsory registration of sale deeds for immovable property. The Transfer of Property Act, 1882 governs how property is lawfully transferred. The Kerala Land Reforms Act, 1963 and the Kerala Survey and Boundaries Act, 1961 are also relevant to land ownership and boundary verification in Kerala.

What you can do

• Visit the local Sub-Registrar's office in Thiruvananthapuram to obtain the Encumbrance Certificate and verify registered documents.
• Use the Kerala Revenue Department's e-RekhaKerala portal to access land records, survey sketches, and ownership details online.
• Check property tax records through the Thiruvananthapuram Corporation or local Panchayat portal.
• Engage a qualified local property lawyer to conduct a full title search and prepare a legal opinion before completing the purchase.